The organization of air exchange in the departments of hospitals (except infectious) is carried out according to the following principle – to exclude or to limit as much as possible dangerous air flows from dirty zones to clean:
– between adjacent floors (both horizontally and vertically);
– from the staircase and elevator nodes (MPI) – to the department; – in the compartment between the ward sections; – in the ward section – between the chambers and the corridor. To exclude the possibility of air masses
from one ward to another it is advisable to arrange a transitional neutral zone between them with air in it, and stairwells, elevator shafts, centralized linen of dirty laundry should be equipped with autonomous supply and exhaust ventilation with a predominance of exhaust . The absence of a ventilation system in the neutral zone causes the penetration of air flows into the rooms on the floor (corridor, ward sections, operating unit).
At the entrance to the department and between the ward sections, locks are equipped with autonomous exhaust ventilation (from each lock) in them. In the corridors of the wards, a ventilation unit with an air exchange rate of 0.5 corridor volumes is necessary.
To create an isolated air regime of the chambers, they should be designed with a gateway in communication with the bathroom, with the prevailing hood in the latter (via individual exhaust ventilation ducts); such a ventilation system eliminates the possibility of contaminated air entering the chamber into the corridor and vice versa. The amount of supply air to the room should be at least 80 m 3 / hour for one adult and one child.