Caffeine substance abuse (theism) is usually the result of prolonged use of large amounts of strong coffee or tea (yogurt). Coffee substance abuse is common in countries where coffee is systematically consumed in large quantities to stimulate performance. We observed cases of kefir (tipping) substance abuse – theism, when a person drinks throughout the day in the form of a strong broth up to 50-150 g of dry tea. Strong coffee and tea increase the tone of the nervous system and give a sense of vitality, especially to a tired person. An overdose can cause overexcitation with a deterioration in well-being, especially in people with cardiovascular disease and organic brain damage. Such poisoning is manifested by headache, dizziness, tachycardia, a feeling of heaviness in the heart, tremor of the hands, irritability. Persons who abuse coffee and yogurt for a long time usually complain of poor health when the previous portion they drank, they have to use one or the other more often. According to our observations, people suffering from chefnrism (theism) are mentally and socially unstable people who are addicted to chefir under the influence of a dysfunctional company. Most of them revealed either psychopathy, or patho-character development of the personality, or residual effects of organic brain damage with personality psychopathization. Only in a few patients the clinical picture was limited to the manifestation of caffeine toxicomania. In all cases, the psychopathological symptoms were the same as in the case of neurosis or psychopathic conditions of an excitable, hysterical, or astheno -pochondria type. In the first days of hospitalization, patients complained of weakness, a feeling of weakness, discomfort in the heart, dyspeptic symptoms, insomnia, mood instability, irritability, and memory loss. The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms, as a rule, were insignificant – within 2-3 weeks they disappeared under the influence of general strengthening agents (glucose, vitamins), tranquilizers (sibazon, chlozspid), small doses of antipsychotic drugs. A favorable therapeutic effect was observed from 5-6 injections of sulfosine (2-3 ml each). In the future, therapeutic and socio-rehabilitation tactics were determined by the symptoms of the disease state against which caffeine substance abuse formed. G.V. Stolyarov wrote that with chefirism, delirious syndrome and twilight dizziness may occur . The author observed the development of psychoses in patients who took codeine, in addition to yogurt. Apparently, their combined effect is more psychotohepous than each individually. Substance abuse developed as a result of the systematic administration of other central nervous system stimulants (Sydnocarb, Sidpofen, Acefei), apalhetics, anti-parkinsic and antihistamines, ether and codeine, are rare. This can be explained, on the one hand, by strict monitoring of their prescription for medicinal purposes, and on the other, by the constant replacement of certain drugs in medical practice with other, newer ones.
An important preventive role is played by the growth of public health knowledge. Neuropathologists and psychiatrists who use antiparkinsonian drugs (cyclodol, sleep: artan, romparkin) in their practice to treat parkinsonism and neuroleptic extrapyramidal complications should remember that increased doses of these drugs are beneficial. They have euphoric, intoxicating and hallucinatory effects, as a result of which substance abuse can quickly develop. The state of abstinence is characterized by pronounced physical and mental discomfort with general tremor, intense affect, irritability and viciousness (E. A. Babayan, M. X. Gonopolsky, 1981). There are also cases of codeine and ether toxicomania, there are reports of addiction to astmatol. Withdrawal symptoms are usually mixed in nature, that is, they are characterized by symptoms of physical and mental dependence. The complex of therapeutic agents should include detoxification and restorative drugs, including insulin in hypoglycemic doses, antipsychotics.