The structure, composition, placement and layout of buildings, blocks and sections are determined taking into account the profile and capacity of the health care facilities, the need for centralization of individual functional units within the treatment complex or medical care area. Hospital buildings in hospitals should not exceed nine floors (optimally 5-7 floors), and it is recommended that children departments be placed no higher than the fifth floor.
The structure of the hospital should include the following units: a ward; specialized wards; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Intensive Care; diagnostic and treatment department; pathoanatomical department; administrative services (catering, laundry, garage, etc.).
Independent units are a pharmacy and a polyclinic, and in large hospitals there may be additional structural units (organizational and methodological department, advisory centers, boarding houses, hotels, training rooms, etc.).
Rational mutual placement of the main units should contribute to:
• creation of optimal hygienic conditions for the implementation of the medical diagnostic process and patient stay;
• creating conditions that facilitate the work of staff;
• Prevention of nosocomial infections. The admission department is designed to examine patients , clarify the diagnosis and the department in which treatment will be carried out. Here primary medical documentation is drawn up, emergency medical care is provided, and patients are sanitized. The admission department may be common only for adult somatic patients. It is located in the largest building, the so-called. the main building, on the ground floor, near the entrance to the hospital, with a ramp – an inclined platform for the entrance of ambulances. Admission departments for children’s, obstetric, infectious, tuberculosis, venereal and psychiatric departments are provided directly with them. The estimated number of patients admitted to the central admission department during the day is for hospitals (as a percentage of their capacity): ambulance – 15; maternity hospitals – 12; multidisciplinary – 10; psychiatric and rehabilitation treatment .