What can be the real contribution of the studied SCP characteristics to the prognostic assessment of the athlete’s ability to achieve a certain amount of physical effort, as well as to the prediction of the ANSP value when performing training loads?
Our analysis showed that in both men and women, high SCP values after exercise (averaged SCP> 10 mV) indicate poorer exercise tolerance, lower anaerobic threshold, and a tendency to stress reactions. Such athletes even have a higher averaged SCP before loading, and during training they increase further.
If you register SCP along with biochemical blood parameters (ATP, AMP, ADP, lactate, pH, NH3), characteristics of the cardiovascular system, body temperature, then you can accurately assess the athlete’s physical form and energy capabilities of his body. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the use of the totality of the studied parameters makes it possible to accurately describe the ANSP and the power developed by the athlete using linear regression equations.
So, the forecast of the maximum power that an athlete will develop can be made quite accurately using multiple regression analysis. Moreover, a measure of such a relationship is the multiple correlation coefficient ( R ) and the square of this value. The last characteristic shows the proportion of factors that actually affect the behavior of the dependent value and are included in the regression equation.
If we take the totality of anthropometric, biochemical and electrophysiological data as independent values, then such a forecast will be quite high. For the power developed by the athlete, R = 0.97, R2 = 0.84. Without SCP characteristics, the forecast will be less accurate: R = 0.83, R2 = 0.69.
Some regularities can also be obtained by calculating the linear correlation between two variables.
After loading, ANSP correlates with SCP in all monopolar leads and with averaged SCP .
Correlation coefficients between SCP and ANSP indicators in male athletes before and after exercise
The table shows only reliable correlation coefficients p <0.05, * marked correlation coefficients at p <0.01. {AMP} – averaged AMP, other designations are the same
The most significant negative correlation is observed between ANSP and SCP after the load in the central lead, which can be used for preliminary, mainly qualitative, forecast ANSP.
Thus, the soft starter increases the accuracy of predicting the power developed by athletes under load, in addition, the characteristics of the soft starter can be used separately from other indicators for a preliminary assessment of the reserve capabilities of the body. AMP allows characterizing stress tolerance, since its value is closely related to the anaerobic threshold, the transition through which during exercise is accompanied by activation of adaptation mechanisms. With stress that occurs during the transition to anaerobic metabolism, AMR increases after exercise. Such a reaction is more likely in people with high SCP before loading, which is probably due to the state of chronic stress.
An increase in the functional activity of the brain is accompanied by an increase in cerebral energy metabolism and cerebral blood flow. With small changes in metabolism, the additionally formed CO 2 is washed out by increased blood flow, and the pH in the brain does not change or even rises. In such cases, for example, with sensory stimulation, changes in SCP are multidirectional. A negative correlation is observed between the initial SCP and its changes under the influence of the load, which indicates the regulation of brain CRR by negative feedback mechanisms.
With a more pronounced increase in energy metabolism, increased blood flow does not compensate for the formation of carbonic acid, and the pH of the brain decreases. A significant increase in functional activity, for example under stress, is accompanied by an additional increase in anaerobic glycolysis, and lactic acidosis develops as a result of increased production of lactic acid. In these cases, brain SCP is naturally increasing. A significant increase in SCP associated with an increase in cortisol levels is observed with stresses of various origins. With large physical exertion, an increase in SCP indicates a decrease in stress resistance and a low anaerobic threshold. With hyperventilation , cerebral lactic acidosis also increases as a result of cerebrovascular spasm and cerebral hypoxia, and SCP increases. Shifts in SCP during hyperventilation can vary, a significant increase in SCP, as a rule, is associated with the appearance of paroxysmal slow-wave activity on the EEG.
A selective increase in SCP in the left temporal and central regions was revealed during reading, and in the left temporal, central and occipital regions when retelling the text read. In all these cases, local or generalized cerebral acidosis occurs.
Abnormally high brain activity during exercise is a sign of neurophysiological instability, which may be associated with cerebral pathology. A study of the reactivity of AMR during hyperventilation and the performance of mnestic tests can be of diagnostic value in diseases accompanied by a decrease in the threshold of convulsive readiness, as well as in atrophic processes.
The close relationship between the activation of brain structures and changes in energy metabolism during functional loads allows the use of methods for studying energy metabolism (PET, SPECT, MRI) for functional mapping in studying the organization of cerebral functions. The mapping of distribution of constant potentials of a brain serves the same purposes. Compared with the visualization of cerebral activity using EEG and evoked potentials, mapping of changes in CSR provides additional information about the energy supply of the studied functions. It should be noted that the increase or decrease in SCP and, accordingly, the CRR does not give an unambiguous assessment of the intensity of cerebral energy metabolism. If an increase in SCP is not accompanied by an increase in cerebral blood flow, this is due to the transition of nerve tissue to anaerobic oxidation, as is normal with hyperventilation, as well as with some types of brain pathology (see below). In those cases when, with the growth of SCP, the cerebral blood flow also increases, as is normal with the activation of brain structures, that is, there is every reason to say that cerebral energy exchange increases.